Basically, this boils down to: keep your stuff as dry as possible!
Suits: let your suit dry completely before you go swimming again. This isn't always possible, but do the best you can. Never put your suit in a washing machine, that is the fastest way to ruin the fibers. If you must wash your suit, use cold water and a very gentle detergent. Keeping your suit on in the shower is usually enough to prevent the chlorine from doing too much damage. Beware, however, of "dry rot"- if you start to see white lint looking stuff on your suit, it's time to throw that suit away.
Goggles: Most goggles come with anti-fog coating on the inside of the lenses. However, over time, this will break down and you might notice that your goggles fog up pretty intensely. If that happens, you can do one of two things: (1) spit in your goggles (a gross, but tried and true method; your spit will leave the surface more hydrophobic), or (2) wash your goggles with liquid detergent- but be sure to rinse VERY thoroughly, or you will be crying at your next practice.
Caps: Dry off your cap between swims! If you're intent on making it last as long as humanly possible, use baby powder after you've dried it off. Beware of mold!!
Towels: Again, make sure your towel gets very dry between swims. Otherwise you risk mildew and mold. Wash your towel at least once per week to avoid that!
Where this stuff should be stored: You can use any kind of bag, though many swimmers like bags like the Speedo quantum backpack (in fact, many are on eBay). If you dry off everything with your towel, you can wrap up your suit in the towel until you get home. Alternatively, you can get a carabiner and hook your suit to the outside of your bag to let it dry faster.
What to Bring to Practice
1.) Sunscreen 2.) Lotion (face and/or body) 3.) Hair products and a brush 4.) Deodorant 5.) Flip flops for standing in the pool shower 6.) A water bottle (either for during or after practice) 7.) A post-workout snack 8.) An extra pair of goggles, caps, or suit in case anything breaks